Holmium doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Ho:YAG)

Ho: YAG single crystal is one of the earliest studied 2um laser crystals. Its output wavelength is close to 2.1 um, located in the atmospheric window. It provides powerful tools for remote sensing detection and optoelectronic countermeasures. It is also an ideal light source for coherent Doppler wind radar, differential absorption radar and Laser rangefinder. The output wavelength of Ho and TM lasers is about 2 microns, close to the absorption peak of water. It has good cutting and solidification effects on human tissues. It can be transmitted through ordinary optical fibers. It is an ideal surgical laser source. Human tissue affects 2 μ M laser has a high absorption rate, which is nearly three orders of magnitude higher than Nd: YAG laser. Therefore, using Ho: YAG laser for medical surgery can not only improve surgical efficiency and accuracy, but also reduce the thermal damage area to a smaller size. The free beam generated by holmium crystals can eliminate fat without generating too much heat, thereby reducing thermal damage to healthy tissues. According to reports, holmium laser treatment for glaucoma can alleviate the pain of surgery in the United States. Holmium doped Yttrium aluminium garnet (Ho: YAG) is an important solid laser crystal. Its structure, performance, and applications mainly include: Structure: Ho: YAG is made of Yttrium aluminium garnet (YAG) crystal doped with Ho element. In the cubic lattice structure of YAG, a portion of yttrium ions are replaced by holmium ions. Performance: The laser emission wavelength of Ho: YAG crystal is mainly concentrated at 2.1 microns, which has a strong ability to absorb water. Ho: YAG crystal has good thermal conductivity and mechanical properties, as well as a high Thermal shock damage threshold, which enables it to work under high power conditions. Application: Because the emission wavelength of Ho: YAG is located in the strong absorption zone of water, it is often used in medical laser surgeries, such as ophthalmic, dental, and urological surgeries. This type of laser can be quickly absorbed by water molecules in the body, effectively cutting or vaporizing tissue, and the thermal damage range is small. In addition, Ho: YAG crystals are also used in fields such as fiber optic communication, optical interferometry, and environmental and atmospheric remote sensing.

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