Aluminium oxide (Al2O3)

Sapphire is α- Aluminum oxide (Al2O3) is a crystal form. Its structure belongs to the corundum crystal system. It is a lattice structure composed of hexagonal closely packed oxygen ions, and 2/3 of the Octahedron voids are occupied by aluminum ions. This structure gives sapphire good thermal stability and hardness
Sapphire crystals have the characteristics of high hardness, good thermal stability, acid and alkali resistance, and wear resistance. Its hardness is second only to diamond and is currently the ninth hardest substance known. At high temperatures, the stability of sapphire crystals is superior to most other materials, with a melting point as high as 2050 ℃. In addition, sapphire also has good optical transparency and electrical insulation
The above characteristics of sapphire make it widely used in multiple fields. Its high hardness and wear resistance make it widely used in cutting tools and abrasives. Its thermal stability and electrical insulation make it an important material in the field of electronic devices and semiconductors. For example, it is used in the production of high-frequency integrated circuits, sapphire substrate LEDs, etc. Meanwhile, its excellent optical transparency makes it an ideal material for lasers and optical windows
The application of sapphire in modern science and industry is becoming increasingly widespread. With the advancement of technology, its preparation process has been continuously improved, enabling the preparation of sapphire materials with better quality and lower cost. At the same time, research on sapphire is also deepening, continuously developing more application fields. It is expected that with the progress of scientific research technology, the application of sapphire in fields such as semiconductors, lasers, and optics will further expand.

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