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Iceland Spar

Iceland spar, or calcite, with a chemical composition of CaCO3, is a colorless, transparent, and pure calcite. Due to its special physical properties, it is called a special non-metallic mineral. It was first discovered in Iceland, hence it is called "Iceland Spar". It has the highest birefringence and polarization performance in white transparent crystal minerals. The crystals of high-quality ice spar are produced in the calcite veins of basalt and zeolite calcite veins. Mainly used in the national defense industry and manufacturing high-precision optical instruments, it is also widely used in technical fields such as radio electronics and astrophysics.

Applications

It can be used in the national defense industry and manufacturing high-precision optical instruments, and is also widely used in technical fields such as radio electronics and astrophysics.

Features

Calcite has good transparency, especially in the visible light range. This enables it to transmit light when manufacturing optical components, making it suitable for manufacturing transparent optical devices;
It can separate the different polarization states of incident light. This property is useful in some optical applications, such as manufacturing polarizers and waveplates;
Having good optical uniformity is crucial for manufacturing high-precision optical components;
It has a relatively high refractive index, which allows it to be used in some optical devices to focus light or enhance optical effects;
It has relatively high thermal stability, which makes it advantageous in some optical applications that require high-temperature resistance. Characteristics.

  • Crystal system: Tripartite crystal system;

    Shape: rhombohedron;

    Colors: colorless transparency, purple transparency, light yellow transparency, golden transparency, brown transparency, green transparency;

    Optical properties: uniaxial crystal (-);

    Refractive index: Ne=1.4864, No=1.6584（ λ= 589nm);

    Rebate rate: 0.1720;

    Cleavage: rhombic cleavage {1011};

    Double crystal: clustered twin {0112};

    Fluorescence: None;

    The Mohs hardness is 3;

    Density: 2.703g/cm3-2.715g/cm3.

    Colorless in thin films. Uniaxial crystals (-) are sometimes abnormal biaxial crystals. 2V=5-10 °. No=1.658, Ne=1.486. When similar to Mn and Fe, N increases.


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